Setting UP a Local network DNS Server using bind9 for debian
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, 02-18-2014 at 06:29 PM (146728 Views)
This is a step by step tutorial on how to install and configure DNS server for your LAN using bind9. The DNS server will provide caching and name resolution as well as reverse name resolution for your local network. In this tutorial, we will use the domain ?debian.lan? and this will be the domain of your local network. The domain ?debian.lan is not accessible from the internet; its private ip address is ?192.168.100.1″.
Installing bind9 and dns utilitiesI assume that you already have a working Debian or Ubuntu installation. Lets install the bind9 package and dns utilities from Debian repository.
apt-get install bind9 dnsutils
Configure your Linux systemAdd this information to your /etc/hostname
echo ?main.debian.lan? > /etc/hostname
Edit your /etc/hosts
Edit your /etc/resolv.confCode:127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 192.168.100.1 main.debian.lan main # The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts ::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback fe00::0 ip6-localnet ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix ff02::1 ip6-allnodes ff02::2 ip6-allrouters ff02::3 ip6-allhosts
vi /etc/resolv.conf
and add this information.
This is where Linux looks to find out how it should perform DNS lookups.Code:search debian.local nameserver 192.168.100.1 nameserver xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx nameserver xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
Lets create a zoneThe zone files (or database files) are the heart of your BIND system. This is where all the information is stored on what hostname goes with what ip address.
Before we create a zone file, lets edit first the local configuration file /etc/bind/named.conf.local.
vi /etc/bind/named.conf.local
and the zone file data.
Lets start creating a zone file in /var/cache/bind/ directory. Create a file called db.debian.lanCode:// // Do any local configuration here // // Consider adding the 1918 zones here, if they are not used in your // organization //include "/etc/bind/zones.rfc1918"; zone "debian.lan" { type master; file "db.debian.lan"; }; zone "100.168.192.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "db.192.168.100"; };
vi /var/cache/bind/db.debian.lan
And add the following entry
Lets create the reverse DNS zone file called db.192.168.100Code:$TTL 604800 @ IN SOA main.debian.lan. admin.debian.lan. ( 2008080101 ;serial 04800 ;refresh 86400 ;retry 2419200 ;expire 604800 ;negative cache TTL ) @ IN NS main.debian.lan. @ IN A 192.168.100.1 @ IN MX 10 main.debian.lan. main IN A 192.168.100.1 www IN CNAME main ubuntu IN A 192.168.100.2
vi /var/cache/bind/db.192.168.100
and the the following entry.
The zone files are created, you can check your zone file configurations using these utilities:Code:$TTL 604800 @ IN SOA main.debian.lan. admin.debian.lan. ( 2008080101 ;serial 604800 ;refresh 86400 ;retry 2419200 ;expire 604800 ;negative cache TTL ) @ IN NS main.debian.lan. @ IN A 192.168.100.1 1 IN PTR main.debian.lan. 2 IN PTR ubuntu.debian.lan.
named-checkzone convergence.lan /etc/bind/zones/db.convergence.lan
Lets edit the file /etc/bind/named.conf.options
vi /etc/bind/named.conf.options
Uncomment the line forwarders and add your ISP?s DNS server.Code:forwarders { 202.78.97.41; 202.78.97.3; };
dig debian.lan
Lets restart our DNS server, and test using the tool dig.
/etc/init.d/bind9 restart
dig debian.lan
You should see the following message
Test your reverse DNSCode:; <<>> DiG 9.3.4 <<>> debian.lan ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 54950 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;debian.lan. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: debian.lan. 64800 IN A 192.168.100.1 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: debian.lan. 64800 IN NS main.debian.lan. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: main.debian.lan. 64800 IN A 192.168.100.1 ;; Query time: 1 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.100.1#53(192.168.100.1) ;; WHEN: Tue Aug 5 09:33:40 2008 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 79
dig -x debian.lan
If you see this message, you have successfully installed the DNS server.
You can also check your DNS configuration using nslookup and host command.Code:; <<>> DiG 9.3.4 <<>> -x debian.lan ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 42510 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;lan.debian.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: in-addr.arpa. 10800 IN SOA A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. dns-ops.ARIN.NET. 2008080416 1800 900 691200 10800 ;; Query time: 952 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.100.1#53(192.168.100.1) ;; WHEN: Tue Aug 5 09:34:25 2008 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 108
nslookup debian.lan
nslookup 192.168.100.1
host debian.lan
host 192.168.0.1
All computers in the LAN are going to use 192.168.100.1 as a nameserver, this can be set manually by setting statically:
vi /etc/resolv.conf
then put this information.
Have fun!Code:nameserver 192.168.100.1
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